The Sins of Ghana’s Judiciary and The Price of Freedom: The unconstitutionality and discrimination of using immovable property as a bail condition against accused persons

ABSTRACT The practice of the court that requires immovable property in the nature of landed property secured by title deeds or land certificates in order to execute criminal bail in Ghana is examined in this legal argument.

CONCLUSION I conclude that, it is an unlawful violation and systematic discrimination against accused persons, particularly those who are poor for Ghanaian judges to commonly require immovable property guaranteed by land certificates or title documents as a prerequisite for criminal bail.

It asserts that requiring immovable property transforms bail into a financial trap that punishes poverty, violates the text and spirit of the 1992 Constitution, and creates an unlawful caste system within Ghana’s criminal administration.