Is Joburg too big to fail?
A new report from the Centre for Development and Enterprise (CDE) shows how the city maintains the façade of financial stability by recognising billions of rands in municipal bills as revenue, even though 15-17% of annual billings go uncollected.
Employee-related costs have grown by an average of roughly 9% a year over the past decade and now absorb about 40% of the cash collected from customers.2 billion for the financial year to June 2025 and a cash surplus of R1.
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