Botswana at 60 challenges the story of postcolonial African failure
Today, Botswana owns 50 percent of Debswana, the diamond-mining joint venture it shares with De Beers, while the Pula Fund, its sovereign wealth fund, preserves part of the country’s wealth for future generations and helps cushion the economy against mineral-related macroeconomic shocks.
Botswana demonstrates that a decisive question is not whether a country has mineral wealth, but who controls it, how its revenues are protected and whether the state converts them into better housing, stronger infrastructure, reliable public services and greater economic security.
A conservation model that places roughly 40 percent of the country’s land under protected status gives Botswana an asset it can build on.
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